Osteoarthritis among the diseases of the joints, well-known and widespread arthrosis. What is it and how to cure it? With what symptoms the disease manifests and what are its causes?
What is osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a disease that has a devastating impact on your joints, because of that within them occurs the degradation of the cartilage.
A long-term loss of the disease leads to a change in the bone endings, and the inflammatory processes that destroy the nearby tissues.
List joint diseases belonging to the arthritis is not small, and represents a group of diseases, have a similar devastating effect, but with a variety of causes and current processes.
From the statistical data, different types of arthritis suffer up to 80% of the population, which makes it the most common joint disease. The disease is so widespread, that place it in third place behind cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Because of the failure of a healthy lifestyle, with the passing of time, the risk of disease increases significantly.
Osteoarthritis as well not destroy the disease and can affect both men and women, faithful by acting only on the interphalangeal. Disease are people who have reached the age of 30, and with the passage of time their numbers have increased.
The causes of osteoarthritis
The reason of this arthritis and treatment — violation of metabolic processes in the joint. This leads to the loss of joint strength and elasticity.
The reason for this, there is a significant reduction or total disappearance of their proteoglycans due to large cracks in the cartilage.
This, too, can contribute, and for other reasons, such as the violation of the normal production of proteoglycans the same cells.
For other reasons, have a devastating impact on your joints:
- violation of the metabolic processes throughout the body;
- the deterioration of hormonal;
- slowing down the circulation of blood in the joints;
- hereditary causes;
- a senior age;
- a variety of lesions;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- psoriasis.
But the main reason — the failure of the normal loads on the joints in daily life.
Due to his lack of preparation, the refusal of the man to perform in a timely manner physical exercise, exercise to strengthen the joints – the cartilage is not able to continue to perform its functions.
A comprehensive list of reasons that may cause the disease the artritee:
- obtained previously injuries such as sprains, fractures, lesions, retinal tears of the ligaments and other;
- violation of the metabolic processes that support the vitality;
- excessive body mass, which leads to more stress on the joints;
- purulent acute arthritis, lead to inflammation of the joint;
- old age;
- incorrect power supply;
- along excessive lowering of body temperature;
- autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis;
- the poisoning of the body;
- they often occur cold diseases;
- special diseases: syphilis, tuberculosis, gonorrhea, tick-borne encephalitis;
- diseases of the thyroid;
- hemophilia;
- the disease Peters out.
For more reasons relating to the genetic, that cause the onset of osteoarthritis:
- the defeat of osteoarthritis of the hand and fingers of the hand, it is possible to get inherited, which has been shown by the scientists, investigated nodules of Bouchard and Heberdena;
- in the case of dysplasia, developed as a result of violations of the formation of the joints in utero period, it can lead to an excessive wear and tear of the joints and the development of osteoarthritis;
- mutations of type ii collagen can lead to the breakdown of internal structure fibrillar proteins of the connective tissue and cartilage degradation.
If you are a bricklayer, a miner, a fisherman, a longshoreman or your business is somehow related to excessive physical workloads, then, without any preventive action, there is also the possibility of getting osteoarthritis.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis
For a full understanding of what is arthritis and treated like him, to understand if with external manifestations.
The most common symptoms with osteoarthritis are: the manifestation of pain when the load on the joints, which may subside at rest; the impairment of the functions of the joint; the appearance of crunches; the feeling of muscular pere tension around the patient's joint.
Above all, do not allow long tumors, as they can lead to the emergency room the deformation of the joint.
The four symptoms of osteoarthritis
- Pain manifestations. Considered the first promise in osteoarthritis joints. Even if guilty, pain may be a lot of reasons, but in the case of osteoarthritis, pain have certain characteristics. Important is the presence of severe pain that appear during the movement in place of the damaged coupling. The pain disappears after the details to the minimum of the functional activity. During the night, the pain almost does not manifest only in the shots was with boca on the side is possible the appearance of a slight discomfort. In a state of immobility, pain may manifest only in advanced forms. At this moment, the process of falling asleep can be difficult. The symptoms are restored to occur early in the morning. With the progression of the disease, a person needs more time for rest and recovery. Still later, even at rest, the pain does not stop, transforming life into a constant torment. It happens almost complete wear of the cartilage, with the result that the bone is displayed, are deleted osteophytes.
- The appearance of crunches. The symptom which should not be overlooked. Crunch appears due to the friction of bones with each other, because it decreases the softness between them – as a result, appears distinct "dry" sound. Although it can also occur in other diseases, and sometimes even when the joints in good health. In the severe forms, of the disease, the sound can become bright and pronounced, and the pain is amplified.
- The deterioration of the articular mobility. This is a further symptom that accompanies arthritis in the early stages, but in a state of abandonment stimulates the excessive proliferation interosseous formations, which leads to spasms, and the gap between the joints is almost completely covered. And this is the main reason of the loss of mobility.
- Deformation of the joint. This symptom implies degrading to modify the surfaces of the joints due to the growth of osteophytes, and fusion synovial fluid. It is one of the most recent symptoms of osteoarthritis.
Due to alternating periods of remission and exacerbation, self-diagnosis of osteoarthritis has significantly hindered. Then just rely on the personal feeling is not enough – you will need the assistance of a specialist doctor.
The Diagnosis Of Osteoarthritis
To detect any signs that indicate the presence of the disease and its degree of difficulty, use the search by means of x-ray:
- In the first phase of osteophytes are not present, and the gap between the joints reduced to a minimum.
- The second phase is characterized by a reduction of the joint space, with a slight the advent osteophytes.
- In the third phase of reduction of the joint space clearly obvious, osteophytes form a large quantity, begin to happen couplings of processes.
- At the last fourth stage the gap between the joints practically completely disappears, osteophytes appears to be the maximum number reached by the processes are proceeding at full pace.
Adverse effects of osteoarthritis
Ignoring the early treatment of osteoarthritis involves not only the irreversible damage of the joint, but causes damage to the spinal column.
In the intervertebral discs can form a hernia. Arthritis can spread to other, still healthy joints.
The treatment methodology
As for any other dangerous disease, the treatment is better not to take, in exercising its in a early stage.
Methods of treatment must be comprehensive and aimed at the resolution of the mesh, contributing to the progression of the disease, but also the strengthening of those factors that help heal.
That story in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the special? An approach of the therapy consists in the application of anti-inflammatory medications and pain-relieving action.
However, necessarily in the possession of physiotherapy courses. In the case of choice of medical treatment-thermal method, the climatic conditions should be positioned in such a way that the impact on the joints was more beneficial.
In the program must be present procedures of mineral waters and mud baths.
The essence of the treatment of osteoarthritis is the following
- Patients joints shall be subjected to loads in the least, and this is particularly important to take into consideration in the process of treatment;
- You can not ignore the orthopaedic mode;
- Mandatory possession of a well-being exercise;
- Carry out physiotherapy treatments, such as: electrical procedure, shock-wave treatment, laser therapy;
- Sanatorium recovery – assigned to a physician, and is recommended for the step in certain places once a year;
- Possession of oxygen therapy – introduction to the municipality of oxygen;
- The drug treatment;
- Intraosseous blockade;
- The step to a correct healthy diet.
The types of pharmacological treatment
- Products to eliminate the inflammatory processes. Scrolling through the full treatment, there is the possibility to considerably slow down the course of the disease, so to get rid from the pain and torment in the future. Officinalis method of treatment involves the extinction of pain and the removal of inflammatory processes in the joints. These objectives are chosen drugs non-steroidal origin. Often, they are administered intravenous or intramuscular, as well as oral the use of them can cause irritation of the gastric walls. As a further tool used different ointments, but due to their lack of absorption capacity on the part of the body, have a low efficiency, therefore, are used very rarely.
- Hormonal corticosteroids. These medicines are assigned, when the disease becomes a vivid character. Are introduced are within the municipality. As corticosteroids act hydrocortisone or diprospan. The damaged coupling from applied external ointment, patch or infusion with hot pepper.
- The use of chondroprotectors. They will help you with the regeneration of cartilage, also, to improve the properties of synovial fluid. Are appointed as such drugs such as glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate.
The time of application of these drugs may be of long duration and does not stop until the patient will not be much better.
In the case of rejection medicines the expected positive effect, their application is cancelled.
In parallel with the protectors of the cartilage should take funds with the addition of hyaluronic acid, which helps build cell membranes in the articular cartilage.
- The consumption of diacerein. In the process of treatment may include this medication in order to improve the reconstruction of processes of cartilage tissues. However, a positive result, it would be appropriate to wait only after 15-30 days.
In very rare cases, when there are other drugs do not give a positive effect, can be assigned narcotic analgesics.
A healthy diet for sufferers of arthritis
The food is perhaps the most important problem to solve that you need as soon as possible to the deterioration with osteoarthritis. As medicines were not treated with the patient, the wrong power of all of these efforts may be in vain.
In the first place, need to eat moderately. For those who have a excess weight – the urgent need to lose weight, but it's worth the effort to die of hunger, as well as the body needs to receive continuously all the trace elements in sufficient quantity.
It is necessary to limit the consumption of carbohydrates fast, contained in sweet foods, but also products from the oven. Must give up the alcohol, in particular beer.
Welcome to fish-based. It is worth to choose the low-fat variety, and the fish should be baked not fried.
It is recommended the use of meat jelly with osteoarthritis. In terms of its interior is preserved an enormous amount of trace elements, will be useful for the sick of the joints.
The collagen contained in it, is of natural origin and, therefore, is easily digested and serve as the basis for the connective tissue. Prolonged use of meat jelly joints become more vigorous, and the surrounding tissue – elastic and durable.
Another important factor in the treatment serves the timely consumption of adequate amounts of vitamins, especially group b That provide the normalization of metabolic processes in the body. Thiamine, which is contained in beans and peas, improves the rate of process of fats, proteins and carbohydrates.
For in the blood product hemoglobin, it is necessary to pyridoxine. This substance is rich in potatoes, bananas, cabbage, and nuts. Riboflavin is full of eggs, liver, dairy products and mushrooms.
Legumes and vegetables provide the body of folic acid. The industry offers a wide choice of vitamin supplements and dietary supplements.
However, vitamins and trace elements derived from food, is better absorbed by the body, which is an important factor in the process of recovery of cartilage tissue.
Must adhere to certain rules of nutrition in the treatment of osteoarthritis
- Eat should be as often and in small portions;
- Don't eat before going to sleep,you should refuse the heavy food for the stomach;
- To alleviate the burden for the sick joints, control weight and prevent obesity;
- Walking after eating into a remission period – this is very useful for the prevention of the aggravation of diseases of the joints;
- The selection or adjustment of the diet along with your doctor will provide balanced nutrition.
In this way, defeat the osteoarthritis is possible. It is important to follow the treatment techniques and listen to the advice of a doctor.